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	<title>Comments on: Is blackface in Japan racist?</title>
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	<link>http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/</link>
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	<pubDate>Thu, 04 Dec 2008 05:01:17 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>By: Katie</title>
		<link>http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-18961</link>
		<dc:creator>Katie</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Sep 2006 21:03:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-18961</guid>
		<description>Thanks for a great post, Ben. I do take issue with one thing - you say that "the fact there wasn’t slavery or cross burnings in Japan’s history does need to be taken into account." Millions of Chinese people were enslaved by the Japanese before and during WWII. WWII also saw the widespread use by the Japanese army of women from various parts of Asia as sexual slaves. There was no slavery of Africans, it's true, but the history of enslavement and ensuing prejudice is there.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks for a great post, Ben. I do take issue with one thing - you say that &#8220;the fact there wasn’t slavery or cross burnings in Japan’s history does need to be taken into account.&#8221; Millions of Chinese people were enslaved by the Japanese before and during WWII. WWII also saw the widespread use by the Japanese army of women from various parts of Asia as sexual slaves. There was no slavery of Africans, it&#8217;s true, but the history of enslavement and ensuing prejudice is there.</p>
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		<title>By: Pieces of a Whole &#187; Blog Archive &#187; Black people always do that&#8230;I saw it on tv!</title>
		<link>http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-15267</link>
		<dc:creator>Pieces of a Whole &#187; Blog Archive &#187; Black people always do that&#8230;I saw it on tv!</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 20 Aug 2006 01:21:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-15267</guid>
		<description>[...] How many young kids of every color or ethnic group in existence, has suppressed some great idea for fear of the reaction of his or her peers in terms of whether it is an action that would be undertaken by a member of that group, positive or not? Set them free to express themselves as they wish, as long as it isn&#8217;t destructive to life of course, and watch as we all benefit, and the phrase &#8220;credit to his race&#8221; dies a long overdue death. Hat tip to Mixed-Media Watch. [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[&#8230;] How many young kids of every color or ethnic group in existence, has suppressed some great idea for fear of the reaction of his or her peers in terms of whether it is an action that would be undertaken by a member of that group, positive or not? Set them free to express themselves as they wish, as long as it isn&#8217;t destructive to life of course, and watch as we all benefit, and the phrase &#8220;credit to his race&#8221; dies a long overdue death. Hat tip to Mixed-Media Watch. [&#8230;]</p>
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		<title>By: Lucy Bot</title>
		<link>http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-12134</link>
		<dc:creator>Lucy Bot</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Jul 2006 03:41:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-12134</guid>
		<description>I read that some japanese guy at a company refused to greet a black engineer because his skin was dark. Honestly speaking, I consider this helarious and it sure is a good medicine for laughter. Unfortunately, it will take a COSTLY sacrifice (just like war) before we all can reason well and live like a TRUE civilized individuals on the face of planet earth.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I read that some japanese guy at a company refused to greet a black engineer because his skin was dark. Honestly speaking, I consider this helarious and it sure is a good medicine for laughter. Unfortunately, it will take a COSTLY sacrifice (just like war) before we all can reason well and live like a TRUE civilized individuals on the face of planet earth.</p>
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		<title>By: Stefanie</title>
		<link>http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-10601</link>
		<dc:creator>Stefanie</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 27 Jun 2006 21:19:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-10601</guid>
		<description>I have seen this before on the internet and am by no means an expert, but I question whether this blackface has to do with blacks at all. This subculture of Japan is called "Ganguro" and is described on wikipedia:

"The basic look consists of bleached hair, a deep tan, both black and white eyeliners, false eyelashes, platform shoes (usually sandals or boots), and brightly colored outfits. Also typical of the "Ganguro Gal" look are cell phones covered with purikura stickers, tie-dyed sarongs, mini-skirts, hibiscus flower hairpins, and lots of bracelets, rings and necklaces.

Extreme trend followers further bleach their hair up to a platinum blond shade, get even deeper tans, wear white lipstick, multicolored pastel eyeshadows and tiny metallic or glittery adhesives around the bottom rim of the eye sockets (See Yamanba). Popular Ganguro magazines include Egg, Popteen, and Ego System."

The wikipedia article goes on to mention how outsiders to this subculture often puzzle over what these girls are trying to emulate or represent. There are several theories:

"Some foreign observers speculate as to 'who' these ganguro are "meant" to look like. Some say that because of the blonde hair, hibiscus flowers, and extremely tan skin, they want to look like America's west coast girls. A handful of others believe it is an obsession with being black. A more nuanced explanation is that the Ganguro girl is a unique style evolved from Japan's own original culture in response to the media/entertainment pop culture of the West. It is worth noting that these girls generally do not study hard in school or pursue athletics or traditional artistic goals. Like certain subcultures in the West, the style may be a form of self-expression in opposition to conservative mores. The heavy tans do cause lifelong skin damage, thereby conspicuously showing a disregard for the future.

There is some dispute surrounding the etymology of the word "ganguro". Some academics claim that the name derives from "顔黒" (black face), but (past) ganguro practitioners themselves invariably say it derives from "ガンガン黒" (exceptionally black). Some people see it as racist and compare it to the blackface of early 1900s culture in America."

Given the west-coast clothes, blonde hair, tans, and hibiscus flowers in the hair (as worn by hawaiian girls), as well as the lacadasical attitude toward life, it's my guess that the west-coast American girl stereotype look is factored in there as well. To me it seems like an imitation of a skewed version of a misconstrued representaion of...something. I can really only guess at the rationale for leaving the house looking like that.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I have seen this before on the internet and am by no means an expert, but I question whether this blackface has to do with blacks at all. This subculture of Japan is called &#8220;Ganguro&#8221; and is described on wikipedia:</p>
<p>&#8220;The basic look consists of bleached hair, a deep tan, both black and white eyeliners, false eyelashes, platform shoes (usually sandals or boots), and brightly colored outfits. Also typical of the &#8220;Ganguro Gal&#8221; look are cell phones covered with purikura stickers, tie-dyed sarongs, mini-skirts, hibiscus flower hairpins, and lots of bracelets, rings and necklaces.</p>
<p>Extreme trend followers further bleach their hair up to a platinum blond shade, get even deeper tans, wear white lipstick, multicolored pastel eyeshadows and tiny metallic or glittery adhesives around the bottom rim of the eye sockets (See Yamanba). Popular Ganguro magazines include Egg, Popteen, and Ego System.&#8221;</p>
<p>The wikipedia article goes on to mention how outsiders to this subculture often puzzle over what these girls are trying to emulate or represent. There are several theories:</p>
<p>&#8220;Some foreign observers speculate as to &#8216;who&#8217; these ganguro are &#8220;meant&#8221; to look like. Some say that because of the blonde hair, hibiscus flowers, and extremely tan skin, they want to look like America&#8217;s west coast girls. A handful of others believe it is an obsession with being black. A more nuanced explanation is that the Ganguro girl is a unique style evolved from Japan&#8217;s own original culture in response to the media/entertainment pop culture of the West. It is worth noting that these girls generally do not study hard in school or pursue athletics or traditional artistic goals. Like certain subcultures in the West, the style may be a form of self-expression in opposition to conservative mores. The heavy tans do cause lifelong skin damage, thereby conspicuously showing a disregard for the future.</p>
<p>There is some dispute surrounding the etymology of the word &#8220;ganguro&#8221;. Some academics claim that the name derives from &#8220;顔黒&#8221; (black face), but (past) ganguro practitioners themselves invariably say it derives from &#8220;ガンガン黒&#8221; (exceptionally black). Some people see it as racist and compare it to the blackface of early 1900s culture in America.&#8221;</p>
<p>Given the west-coast clothes, blonde hair, tans, and hibiscus flowers in the hair (as worn by hawaiian girls), as well as the lacadasical attitude toward life, it&#8217;s my guess that the west-coast American girl stereotype look is factored in there as well. To me it seems like an imitation of a skewed version of a misconstrued representaion of&#8230;something. I can really only guess at the rationale for leaving the house looking like that.</p>
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		<title>By: Ajax</title>
		<link>http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-9613</link>
		<dc:creator>Ajax</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 16 Jun 2006 17:05:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-9613</guid>
		<description>Well said Bohwe, very well said:)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Well said Bohwe, very well said:)</p>
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		<title>By: Ngozi</title>
		<link>http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-9394</link>
		<dc:creator>Ngozi</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Jun 2006 13:19:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-9394</guid>
		<description>Great site and interesting article. I just wanted to bring awareness to the fact that the word "handicapp" is offensive. The term references the stereotype that disabled people/ people with disabilities are dependant and constanly have their "caps" in their "hand" begging for money.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Great site and interesting article. I just wanted to bring awareness to the fact that the word &#8220;handicapp&#8221; is offensive. The term references the stereotype that disabled people/ people with disabilities are dependant and constanly have their &#8220;caps&#8221; in their &#8220;hand&#8221; begging for money.</p>
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		<title>By: Bohwe</title>
		<link>http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-9328</link>
		<dc:creator>Bohwe</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 Jun 2006 10:46:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-9328</guid>
		<description>My brother was stationed in Japan for several years and he loved it. I think the media purposely depict blacks in a negative light. But, Hip Hop and other forms of entertainment has brought the black and Asian culture together and that's a good thing. And Japan is realistically just getting back to their African roots, that's all. A unkown Japan history fact, that the aborigines of Japan, the Ainu are descendents of Africa. The Ainu language is connected to African in many ways, and the Ainu also braid their hair like Africans. so, in reality, it's not blackface they are doing, but a form of identifying with their African heritage or past or influence, since the Ainu are discriminated. Let's face it, the African influence is global, if we want to acknowledge it or not. Noone can try to be black because, we are all out of Africa. Africans were in Europe , Asia , Americas for centuries,so noone is trying to be black. Once we realize this , we can move on from the silly notion of Race, because there is only one race, that's the human race.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>My brother was stationed in Japan for several years and he loved it. I think the media purposely depict blacks in a negative light. But, Hip Hop and other forms of entertainment has brought the black and Asian culture together and that&#8217;s a good thing. And Japan is realistically just getting back to their African roots, that&#8217;s all. A unkown Japan history fact, that the aborigines of Japan, the Ainu are descendents of Africa. The Ainu language is connected to African in many ways, and the Ainu also braid their hair like Africans. so, in reality, it&#8217;s not blackface they are doing, but a form of identifying with their African heritage or past or influence, since the Ainu are discriminated. Let&#8217;s face it, the African influence is global, if we want to acknowledge it or not. Noone can try to be black because, we are all out of Africa. Africans were in Europe , Asia , Americas for centuries,so noone is trying to be black. Once we realize this , we can move on from the silly notion of Race, because there is only one race, that&#8217;s the human race.</p>
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		<title>By: Ajax</title>
		<link>http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-9138</link>
		<dc:creator>Ajax</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 Jun 2006 16:30:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-9138</guid>
		<description>Having lived in Japan for four and a half years I can tell you that the youth of Japan have embraced black culture (and Latino for that matter). When you go to the clubs, you see mainly three groups, the hip-hoppers, the low-riders and the break dancers. You see Japanese women and men with corn rolls and pleats in their hair, they lay for hours in tanning beds to get darker (I don’t know how many of you lived in Japan before but a vast number of them are pretty dark already, It makes you think) they know the lyrics and history of almost all American rap and R&#38;B artists. As a biracial man in the Air Force and the father of three biracial children, my experiences with the Japanese were very enjoyable and I never encountered and racism (unless it was so covert that I didn’t realize it), what you have to realize is the Japanese people were xenophobic for a long time. Sure I got looks in some places but the looks were more curious then anything and the Japanese children are the best, to them I was a superhero akin to ultraman because the only blacks they see is on television (that’s the people who don’t live next to one of the military installations there.)  Have I seen “black face” there, yes I have, but it wasn’t about making fun of black people or being racist, if anything it was more like trying to act the part for real, some of the best blues and R&#38;B I’ve ever heard was in Japan. I have see racism in Japan and sadly it was against other Asians like Chinese, and Korean.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Having lived in Japan for four and a half years I can tell you that the youth of Japan have embraced black culture (and Latino for that matter). When you go to the clubs, you see mainly three groups, the hip-hoppers, the low-riders and the break dancers. You see Japanese women and men with corn rolls and pleats in their hair, they lay for hours in tanning beds to get darker (I don’t know how many of you lived in Japan before but a vast number of them are pretty dark already, It makes you think) they know the lyrics and history of almost all American rap and R&amp;B artists. As a biracial man in the Air Force and the father of three biracial children, my experiences with the Japanese were very enjoyable and I never encountered and racism (unless it was so covert that I didn’t realize it), what you have to realize is the Japanese people were xenophobic for a long time. Sure I got looks in some places but the looks were more curious then anything and the Japanese children are the best, to them I was a superhero akin to ultraman because the only blacks they see is on television (that’s the people who don’t live next to one of the military installations there.)  Have I seen “black face” there, yes I have, but it wasn’t about making fun of black people or being racist, if anything it was more like trying to act the part for real, some of the best blues and R&amp;B I’ve ever heard was in Japan. I have see racism in Japan and sadly it was against other Asians like Chinese, and Korean.</p>
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		<title>By: gatamala</title>
		<link>http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-9012</link>
		<dc:creator>gatamala</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 05 Jun 2006 20:57:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-9012</guid>
		<description>&lt;i&gt;First of all, where are the negative stereotypes of blacks coming from? Japanese depend on the American media for images of African Americans and so when Japanese politicians come out and say that blacks and Latinos are the source of America’s ills, it’s self-serving of the media to report it &lt;/i&gt; AAAAAMEN!! 


That fool Bob Sapp doesn't help either.  I spent a few weeks out there and saw ignorance all the time.  If you listen to the Japanese, crime is ONLY committed by Chinese and Arabs.  Any bad behavior is because "they're foreign!"

My is lives out there...I'll try to get her to weigh in.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i>First of all, where are the negative stereotypes of blacks coming from? Japanese depend on the American media for images of African Americans and so when Japanese politicians come out and say that blacks and Latinos are the source of America’s ills, it’s self-serving of the media to report it </i> AAAAAMEN!! </p>
<p>That fool Bob Sapp doesn&#8217;t help either.  I spent a few weeks out there and saw ignorance all the time.  If you listen to the Japanese, crime is ONLY committed by Chinese and Arabs.  Any bad behavior is because &#8220;they&#8217;re foreign!&#8221;</p>
<p>My is lives out there&#8230;I&#8217;ll try to get her to weigh in.</p>
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		<title>By: eric</title>
		<link>http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-9007</link>
		<dc:creator>eric</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 05 Jun 2006 13:21:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/2006/06/05/is-blackface-in-japan-racist/#comment-9007</guid>
		<description>Ben, Tufts University should have a copy of Regge Life's documentary, as he is an alumnus.  I saw him speak when I was at Tufts, and also watched the documentary there as well.

I took Japanese as my language at Tufts, and because of that, interacted with a large number of Japanese from Japan during my years @ Tufts.  My own personal experience is that the blackface is 80% ignorance / 20% racism.  

Just me being in the program illicted a weird reaction from most of the sensei's.  They thought it was so "cool" I was learning Japanese, moreso then the other 100% causcasians in the class.  At first I thought it was racist, but over the 2-3 years I realized it was more of a curiousness.  

Even today, if you look at certain styles of J-Pop, or Japanese re-creations of "black" music, often times the music slides in and out of genres in bizarre ways.  Gospel piano, paired with bebop horns, over r&#38;b chords, with the vocalist singing in a bossa nova style, backed by a group of rappers.   Its stuff that would get clowned here in America, but I think the Japanese expose to blacks is so limited, so "media only" they don't have enough experience to filter out the finer details of the culture.

One interesting thign about Regge's documentary is that he shows images of what the American media chooses to send over to Japan.  They were these incredible images of the classic "mammy yokum / aunt jemima" archetypes.  I actually have no idea how deep into the south the media had to travel to find those images, but they did a great job, we were misrepresented in a fantastic way.  :)

So I think that does play a huge role in it as well.  

Cool article / topic and excuse any grammar / spelling mistakes, I had a bit of insomnia last night.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ben, Tufts University should have a copy of Regge Life&#8217;s documentary, as he is an alumnus.  I saw him speak when I was at Tufts, and also watched the documentary there as well.</p>
<p>I took Japanese as my language at Tufts, and because of that, interacted with a large number of Japanese from Japan during my years @ Tufts.  My own personal experience is that the blackface is 80% ignorance / 20% racism.  </p>
<p>Just me being in the program illicted a weird reaction from most of the sensei&#8217;s.  They thought it was so &#8220;cool&#8221; I was learning Japanese, moreso then the other 100% causcasians in the class.  At first I thought it was racist, but over the 2-3 years I realized it was more of a curiousness.  </p>
<p>Even today, if you look at certain styles of J-Pop, or Japanese re-creations of &#8220;black&#8221; music, often times the music slides in and out of genres in bizarre ways.  Gospel piano, paired with bebop horns, over r&amp;b chords, with the vocalist singing in a bossa nova style, backed by a group of rappers.   Its stuff that would get clowned here in America, but I think the Japanese expose to blacks is so limited, so &#8220;media only&#8221; they don&#8217;t have enough experience to filter out the finer details of the culture.</p>
<p>One interesting thign about Regge&#8217;s documentary is that he shows images of what the American media chooses to send over to Japan.  They were these incredible images of the classic &#8220;mammy yokum / aunt jemima&#8221; archetypes.  I actually have no idea how deep into the south the media had to travel to find those images, but they did a great job, we were misrepresented in a fantastic way.  <img src='http://www.mixedmediawatch.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
<p>So I think that does play a huge role in it as well.  </p>
<p>Cool article / topic and excuse any grammar / spelling mistakes, I had a bit of insomnia last night.</p>
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